About SATACI
The SATACI project is one of several science exploitation studies which utilises multiple Essential Climate Variable data products developed via ESA's Climate Change Initiative to improve understanding the climate system that are directly relevant to IPCC assessments.
The objective of SATACI objective is to deepen our understanding of aerosol-cloud interactions and the associated Radiative Forcing, capitalising on the heritage from the ESA Climate Change Initiative (CCI) aerosol and cloud projects and state-of-art algorithms for the consistent retrieval of aerosols and clouds. Two main activities will be performed during this 3-year study:
- Aerosol-cloud (ACI) analyses from satellite data, tackling aerosol indirect effects on liquid clouds as well as the relationship between dust concentration and cloud glaciation temperature;
- Feasibility study for a new aerosol-cloud climate indicator, to monitor the cooling effect of ACI on the climate and complement the existing WMO Climate Indicators.
Aerosol-cloud analyses from satellite data
The first activity, ACI analyses from satellite data, will exploit data from both geostationary and polar-orbiting satellites to study the impact of aerosols on clouds at different spatial and temporal resolutions, relying on previous efforts to expand the retrieval of aerosols in the vicinity of clouds. A method for the scientific analysis of the two following scientific studies will be specifically proposed:
- Scientific Study I: Analysis on aerosols indirect effect on liquid clouds. This work will rely on aerosol and cloud datasets obtained with the CISAR and ORAC retrieval algorithms. External datasets could be included in the study if necessary to mitigate limitations in the retrieval from the retrieval algorithms. Statistical analysis of aerosol-cloud relations will be carried out considering proxies for aerosols and clouds such as AOD and CDNC.
- Scientific study II: Cloud glaciation temperature and dust concentration. This scientific study aims at investigating the sensitivity of the cloud phase occurrences to dust concentration, the dominating INPs initiating cloud glaciation (Han et al., 2023) for sub-zero temperatures above -38°C (heterogeneous freezing). This study will exploit aerosol and cloud data including dust or coarse mode aerosol optical depth, aerosol layer height, clout top temperature and cloud phase, available through cloud-CCI and Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) datasets.
Two feasibility studies will be performed to ensure that the proposed methodology is appropriate. A method to repeat the statistical analysis at different temporal and spatial resolutions will be proposed. A method to test the usefulness of the outcome of these studies will be proposed, using the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM) model (Seland et al., 2020), a state-of-the-art CMIP6 class model. Adaptations need to be implemented to increase, for instance, the output frequency, and - eventually - simulate satellite observations to ensure more consistent comparisons.
Feasibility study for a new aerosol-cloud climate indicator
A feasibility study to derive a new aerosol-cloud climate indicator will be performed within this proposal, aiming at delivering a new tool to monitor the cooling offset due to aerosols and clouds and complement the existing World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) indicators.
This activity aims to visualise the greenhouse gas warming concealed by aerosols and clouds developing a new climate indicator ‘aerosol / cloud cooling offset’. This aerosol overall cooling has contributions by direct (aerosol presence) effects and by indirect effects - mainly through aerosol modified water clouds. Global, long-term satellite data records will be used to demonstrate the feasibility of a method to derive a new climate indicator which enables monitoring the cooling offset due to (anthropogenic) aerosols and (aerosol modified) clouds. This new indicator would complement the existing WMO climate indicators based on off-line (dual call) two-stream radiative transfer simulations Kinne, 2019.
Consistency Study
The two activities will run in parallel and culminate in a synthesis work package where the statistics obtained from regional satellite observations (Activity I) will be compared with the climate indicator results for overlapping regions/periods. To support this exercise, a singular vector decomposition (SVD) will be performed, to compare the temporal evolution of various spatial modes/patterns in the climate indicator and cloud/aerosol property time series. This should reveal which aerosol and cloud properties are driving the value of the indicator. Furthermore, the SVD analysis can be exploited to investigate possible correlation between the new climate indicator and the existing WMO indices. The radiative effect calculations performed on the ensemble of Level-3 products used within Activity 2 will be compared with the values obtained averaging and regridding the fluxes calculated using Level-2, to assess the impact of spatial and temporal regridding.
The proposed approach will investigate the consistency between observational evidence obtained from available datasets of aerosols and clouds and the model predictions, trying to improve our knowledge on aerosol-cloud interaction and their radiative impact on the Earth’s climate.
Team
Marta Luffarelli, Rayference, SATACI Science Leader
Marta Luffarelli is the Managing Director of Rayference, which goal is to develop innovative solutions for Earth Observation. In her current position, she oversee the strategic vision, business development, and operational management of the organization. She have a strong background in remote sensing, with a PhD in Physics from Université libre de Bruxelles and more than 8 years of experience as a remote sensing scientist at Rayference, working on several European and international projects, applying her skills in scientific research, coding, and technical writing. She will manage the SATACI project and lead the Scientific Study I (aerosol indirect effect on liquid clouds) within Activity I.
Elisa Carboni, RAL Space, Research Scientist,
Elisa Carboni is a Research Scientist at Remote sensing group - RAL space. Within SATACI, She will support the analysis of consistency/differences between satellite dataset and models with a singular vector decomposition (SVD) analysis and support the quantification of the impact of using Level-2 or Level-3 data through radiative fluxes calculations.
Jan Griesfeller, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Research Scientist
Jan Griesfeller will support the interfacing of the constraints obtained from satellite observation with the NorESM model within the SATACI project and provide scientific support.
Yves Govaerts Rayference SRL, Scientific Advisor
Yves Govaerts is administrator and scientific advisor at Rayference, the company he funded in 2013. His extensive knowledge and expertise is applied to the remote sensing of aerosols, clouds and surface reflectance, as well as cal/val activities and metrology. He will act as Scientific Advisor within the SATACI project.
Thomas Holzer-Popp DLR Senior Scientists
Thomas Holzer-Popp is a Senior Scientist at the German Aerospace Center (DLR). He is the Science Leader of the Aerosol CCI projects. Within the SATACI project, he will lead Activity II, the feasibility study of a new aerosol-cloud climate indicator.
Stefan Kinne, Retired. Previously Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology,Senior Scientist
Stefan Kinne mainly investigates Atmospheric sciences, Environmental science, Aerosol, Meteorology and AERONET. His Atmospheric sciences research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of Atmosphere and Radiative forcing. His Aerosol research focuses on Deposition and how it connects with Sea salt aerosol and Chemical transport model. His work on Altitude and Data assimilation as part of general Meteorology research is frequently linked to Global modeling and Soot, bridging the gap between disciplines. His work focuses on many connections between Forcing and other disciplines, such as Radiative transfer, that overlap with his field of interest in Atmospheric models. He combines subjects such as Sun photometer, Advanced very-high-resolution radiometer and Satellite imagery with his study of Sea salt. He will provide scientific support to the feasibility study of a new aerosol-cloud climate indicator within Activity II.
Nicolas Misk, Rayference SRL, Research Engineer
Daniel Robbins, RAL Space, Remote Sensing Scientist
Michael Schulz, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Senior Scientist
Michael Schulz is Deputy head of Climate Modelling and Air Pollution section, Research Department, at the Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, and Adjunct Professor II at MetOs UiO Geosciences. He has a broad interest and experience in atmospheric science and interdisciplinary global climate evolution questions, focusing on the role of climate forcing, feedbacks, aerosol physics and chemistry imbedded in an Earth System. He promotes model development and evaluation through (co-)leading innovative intercomparisons: CMIP6-AerChemMIP, AeroCom aerosol model intercomparison, contributing to EU Copernicus CAMS projects. He is particularly motivated to advance integrated Earth System understanding of near-term climate change and provide well informed early warnings. He is responsible for the climate modelling section at the Norwegian Meteorological Institute, overseeing there the development of the NorESM earth system model. He will support the interfacing of the constraints obtained from satellite observation with the NorESM model within the SATACI project and provide scientific support.
Martin Stengel, Deutscher Wetterdienst,Senior Scientist
Martin Stengel is a Senior Scientist at Deutscher Wetterdienst and he is the Science Leader of the Cloud CCI project. He will lead the Scientific Study II on dust concentration and ice cloud glaciation within Activity I.
Gareth Thomas, RAL Space, Senior Remote Sensing Scientist
Gareth Thomas is a Senior Remote Sensing Scientist at RAL Space. He has over 10 years’ experience in the remote sensing of aerosol and cloud properties from satellites. His primary role in the Remote Sensing Group is the development and exploitation of algorithms to determine the properties of atmospheric aerosols from visible/infrared imaging instruments, using the ORAC retrieval scheme. He is also responsible for the production of large-scale datasets using these algorithms for climate monitoring (through the ESA Climate Change Initiative programme for example), air quality and regional environmental monitoring. He will support to fit-for-purpose exercise and the uncertainty characterisation as data provider for the ORAC algorithm. He will also provide scientific support throughout the duration of the SATACI project.y I.
Contacts
- Science Leader: Martha Luffarelli
- ESA Technical Officer: Michael Eisinger